Data Sources & Limitations

This page describes each data set presented in our Community Health Atlas, lists its data sources, and discusses the limitations on and disclaimer for the data.

Data Sources

Data Set/Description Data Source(s)

Facilities with violations (last 3 years)

  • Clean Air Act (CAA)
  • Clean Water Act (CWA)
  • Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
This data set includes compliance and enforcement information (federal and state) for facilities with documented violations of the above-named environmental laws over the last 3 years as reflected in EPA’s Enforcement and Compliance History Online (ECHO) database.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Enforcement and Compliance History Online. https://echo.epa.gov/facilities/facility-search?mediaSelected=caa.

Air emissions estimates (CAPs, Hg)

Includes data from EPA's Emissions Modeling Platform (EMP), which provides estimates for emissions of four of the six criteria air pollutants (CAPs): particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10); carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide (included in the nitrogen oxides category). Ozone (which is formed in the environment by reactions between precursor chemicals but not released directly by polluting facilities) and lead are not included in the EMP.

The data also includes estimates for certain CAP precursors (ammonia, hydrochloric acid, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds) which are chemicals that react with other substances in the environment and lead to the formation of CAPs. Estimates for mercury, which is a hazardous air pollutant but not a CAP or CAP precursor, are also provided.

EPA and National Emissions Collaborative. Emissions Modeling Platform 2022 v. 1. https://www.epa.gov/air-emissions-modeling/2022v1-emissions-modeling-platform.

National Ambient Air Quality Standards: Nonattainment areas

  • PM2.5 NAA (2012 std.)
  • PM2.5 NAA (2006 std.)
  • PM2.5 NAA (1997 std.)
  • PM10 NAA (1987 std.)
  • Ozone, 8hr NAA (2015 std.)
  • Ozone, 8hr NAA (2008 std.)
  • Sulfur dioxide NAA (2010 std.)
  • Lead NAA (2008 std.)
  • Lead NAA (1978 std.)

Displays areas of the country designated as nonattaining areas for each National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) listed above. A nonattainment area is an area where air pollution levels persistently exceed the national ambient air quality standards.

EPA. Green Book GIS Download. https://www.epa.gov/green-book/green-book-gis-download.

Air monitoring data

  • Particulate matter (PM10; PM2.5)
  • Ozone (O3)
  • Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
  • Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
  • Carbon monoxide (CO)
  • Lead (Pb)
  • Other pollutants

Summary air monitoring data for individual regulatory air monitors in EPA’s AirData system. Includes data on exceedances of National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). (where applicable).

EPA. Pre-generated Data Files. Concentration by monitor. https://aqs.epa.gov/aqsweb/airdata/download_files.html.

Toxic releases by chemical & facility (TRI 2022, 2023, 2024)

Data on chemical releases by chemical and facility as reported to EPA’s Toxics Release
Inventory (TRI). Industrial and federal facilities exceeding certain chemical release threshold and meeting certain other criteria are required to report to TRI.

This data set also contains facility-level Risk Screening Environmental Indicator (RSEI) data. Per EPA, a RSEI score is a unitless risk-related result value calculated as the product of a chemical's estimated dose, the exposure route-specific toxicity weight, and the potentially exposed population. RSEI Scores do not describe a level or estimate of risk (such as the number of excess cancer cases), and cannot be used solely to draw conclusions about risk. RSEI Scores are designed to be compared to provide context from a relative risk-related perspective. A computed RSEI Score value that is 10 times higher than another RSEI Score value suggests that the potential for risk-related impacts is 10 times higher.

Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) data: EPA. TRI Basic Data Files: Calendar Years 1987-Present. https://www.epa.gov/toxics-release-inventory-tri-program/tri-basic-data-files-calendar-years-1987-present.

Risk-Screening Environmental Indicators (RSEI): EPA. EasyRSEI Dashboard Version 2.3.12. Updated March 21, 2024. https://edap.epa.gov/public/extensions/EasyRSEI/EasyRSEI.html#analysis

Risk Management Plan facilities

The Risk Management Program (RMP) rule requires facilities that use extremely hazardous, toxic, or flammable substances to develop and implement a Risk Management Plan. The facilities in this data set are those facilities in EPA's Facility Registry Service (FRS) that link to the Agency's Risk Management Plan (RMP) System.

EPA. EPA Facility Registry Service - Risk Management Plan (RMP). Accessed through Esri, ArcGIS.com. https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=370365ee65ef46bc8f1b010aad931294

Underground storage tank releases

Contains location data for underground storage tank releases (USTs) documented in EPA’s UST Finder database.

EPA. UST Finder Version 1.0. https://www.epa.gov/ust/ust-finder

Industrial/commercial sites

  • Airports
  • Biosolids program facilities
  • Ethylene oxide commercial sterilizers
  • Mine waste sites (USGS)
  • Power plants
  • Principal ports
  • Rail yards
  • TRI facilities (toxic releases, all chemicals), TRI 2024
  • Waste treatment, storage, disposal (operating facilities)
  • Waste treatment, storage, disposal (legacy facilities)

Airports:
U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT)/Federal Aviation Administration. Aviation Facilities. Accessed through Esri, ArcGIS Hub. https://hub.arcgis.com/datasets/usdot::aviation-facilities/about

U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT)/Federal Aviation Administration. [Data Dictionary.] https://doi.org/10.21949/1529011

Biosolids program facilities:
EPA. Enforcement and Compliance History Online. https://echo.epa.gov/facilities/facility-search?mediaSelected=bio


Ethylene oxide commercial sterilizers:
EPA. Ethylene Oxide Commercial Sterilization Facilities, https://www.epa.gov/hazardous-air-pollutants-ethylene-oxide/ethylene-oxide-commercial-sterilization-facilities#tx. [No longer online]


EPA. Enforcement and Compliance History Online (ECHO). https://echo.epa.gov/.

 
EPA. TRI Explorer [Internet database]. https://enviro.epa.gov/triexplorer/


Mine waste sites (USGS):
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National mine waste inventory: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P148EEUA


Power plants:
USGS. U.S. Geological Survey; Energy Information Administration. Accessed through FEMA Resilience Analysis and Planning Tool. https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/0a317e8998534c30a9b2d3861c814d42/


Principal ports:
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, USDOT and Esri Federal Data. Principal Ports. Accessed through Esri, ArcGIS.com. https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=3253bcaf83dc4daea2d1b48fb87deaea.

Rail yards:
USDOT, Bureau of Transportation Statistics. Rail Yards. https://data-usdot.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/usdot::rail-yards/about. Accessed through ArcGIS Online.


TRI facilities (on-site toxic releases), TRI:
EPA. TRI Explorer [Internet database]. Retrieved from https://enviro.epa.gov/triexplorer/


Waste treatment, storage, disposal (operating facilities):
EPA. Enforcement and Compliance History Online. https://echo.epa.gov/facilities/facility-search?mediaSelected=rcra.


Waste treatment, storage, disposal (legacy facilities):
EPA. Enforcement and Compliance History Online. https://echo.epa.gov/facilities/facility-search?mediaSelected=rcra

Superfund sites

Superfund sites are sites on the National Priorities List (NPL), the U.S. Environmental Agency's list of most seriously contaminated sites prioritized for long-term cleanup under the Superfund program. This data set includes proposed, current and former NPL sites. EPA deletes sites from the NPL once it determines that no further response is necessary to protect human health or the environment.

EPA. National NPL Superfund Site Boundaries, U.S. EPA (Public). https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=d6e1591d9a424f1fa6d95a02095a06d7#overview.

Community infrastructure

  • Head Start centers
  • Hospitals and medical centers
  • Mobile home parks
  • Nursing homes
  • Places of worship
  • Schools

Head Start centers:
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families. Head Start Service Location Datasets. Location Datasets Search. Full National Datasets Download Links [CSV]. https://headstart.gov/about-us/article/head-start-service-location-datasets

Hospitals and medical centers:
USGS. Hospitals, Medical Centers. Accessed through EsriFederal Data, ArcGIS Hub. Creative Commons License CC BY 4.0. https://hub.arcgis.com/datasets/fedmaps::hospitals-medical-centers/explore?location=44.499285%2C-120.632401%2C2

Mobile home parks:
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) National Integration Center (NIC) Technical Assistance Branch; Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); DHS Geospatial Management Office (GMO). Mobile Home Parks RAPT.
https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=2ba2e5e2007f4a159d4dfab8534beed3

Nursing homes:
FEMA, (NIC). Nursing Homes RAPT; containing data sourced from: Homeland Infrastructure Foundation-Level Data (HIFLD), Oak Ridge National Laboratory: Nursing Homes. https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=47c1893618ad48ac8d0cf199593b0c9a

Places of worship:
FEMA, NIC. All Places of Worship _HiFLD Open_. [Data derived from Internal Revenue Service 501(c)3 organization records.] Accessed through ArcGIS Online. https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=495cc33ef490462ab2d8933247a66a87

Schools:
National Center for Education Statistics. School Geocodes & Geoassignments. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/edge/geographic/schoollocations

Drinking water

  • Public water systems (PWS) with Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) violations, last 3 years
  • PWS with unregulated contaminant detections (UCMR 5, 2023-25)
  • PWS with lead service lines

Public water systems (PWS) with SDWA violations, last 3 years:
EPA. Enforcement and Compliance History Online (ECHO). https://echo.epa.gov/facilities/facility-search?mediaSelected=sdwa.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Community Water Service Area Boundaries. Version 3.0. https://epa.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=80c6912ef14f46e480f5afd807767b4b#overview.

PWS with unregulated contaminant detections (UCMR 5, 2023-25):
EPA. Occurrence Data from the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule. UCMR 5 (2023-2025) Occurrence Data. https://www.epa.gov/dwucmr/occurrence-data-unregulated-contaminant-monitoring-rule#5.

EPA. Community Water Service Area Boundaries. Version 3.0. https://epa.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=80c6912ef14f46e480f5afd807767b4b#overview.

PWS with lead service lines:
EPA. Updated 7th Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey and Assessment (DWINSA). https://www.epa.gov/dwsrf/epas-7th-drinking-water-infrastructure-needs-survey-and-assessment.

EPA. Service Line Inventory. https://sdwis.epa.gov/ords/sfdw_pub/r/sfdw/sdwis_fed_reports_public/service-line-inventory.

Water system service areas: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Community Water Service Area Boundaries. Version 3.0. https://epa.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=80c6912ef14f46e480f5afd807767b4b#overview

Percent impaired watershed area (census tracts)

Percentage of watershed area classified as impaired in each census tract as calculated by ATSDR based on 2023 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Watershed Index Online (WSIO) data. An impaired watershed contains waters that do not meet one or more Water Quality Standards (WQSs) even after point sources of pollution (e.g., municipal and industrial discharges) have installed required levels of pollution controls.

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), CDC. EJI Explorer. 2024 version. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/place-health/php/eji/eji-explorer.html

Congressional districts: Health and socioeconomic profiles

  • High blood pressure among adults
  • Cancer (excluding skin cancer) among adults
  • Current asthma among adults
  • Coronary heart disease among adults
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among adults
  • Diagnosed diabetes among adults
  • Stroke among adults
  • Fair or poor self-rated health status among adults
  • Frequent mental distress among adults
  • Frequent physical distress among adults
  • Lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years
  • Routine checkup within the past year among adults
  • Any disability among adults
  • Received food stamps in the past 12 months among adults
  • Food insecurity in the past 12 months among adults
  • Housing insecurity in the past 12 months among adults
  • Lack of reliable transportation in the past 12 months among adults

CDC. PLACES: Local Data for Better Health, Census Tract Data 2024 release. https://data.cdc.gov/browse?category=500+Cities+%26+Places&q=2024&sortBy=relevance&tags=places&pageSize=20
(Data obtained for census tracts, then aggregated to congressional districts as described in the Technical Support Document)

  • Spending per capita on asthma treatment by county
  • Spending per capita on cancer treatment by county
    (Used to develop estimates of spending on asthma and cancer treatment per congressional district)

Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). United States Health Care Spending by Health Condition and County 2010-2019. Seattle, United States of America: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), 2025. Obtained by request. Thanks to Dr. Joseph Dieleman and Mr. Drew DeJarnatt. (Detailed data for 2018 were obtained from the researchers and used to develop our estimates of spending on asthma and cancer treatment per congressional district.)

  • Child Current Asthma Prevalence and Number by State

CDC. 2023 Child Current Asthma Prevalence and Number by State. https://www.cdc.gov/asthma-data/nsch-prevalence/index.html#cdc_data_surveillance_section_2-2023

  • Population under age 19
  • Population under age 19 without health insurance
  • Population age 19-64
  • Population age 19-64 without health insurance
  • Population age 65+
  • Population age 65+ without health insurance

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey. S2701 Selected Characteristics of Health Insurance Coverage in the United States. [2023: ACS 5-Year Estimates; Census tract level] https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2024.S2701?q=S2701
(Data obtained for census tracts, then aggregated to congressional districts as described in the Technical Support Document)

  • Male population
  • Female population
  • Population under age 5
  • Population under age 18
  • Population age 18+
  • Population age 85+
  • Population of dependent age (under 18; 65+)
  • Population of working age (18-64)

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2023. S0101 Age and Sex [2023: ACS 5-Year Estimates; Census tract level] https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/data.html
(Data obtained for census tracts, then aggregated to congressional districts as described in the Technical Support Document)

  • Population for whom poverty status has been determined
  • Population below federal poverty level (past 12 months)
  • Child population (<18 yrs) whose poverty status has been determined
  • Child population (<18 yrs) below federal poverty level (past 12 months)

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2023. B17020 Poverty Status in the Past 12 Months by Age [2023: ACS 5-Year Estimates; Census tract level] https://data.census.gov/table/ACSDT5Y2024.B17020?q=B17020&g=010XX00US$1400000
(Data obtained for census tracts, then aggregated to congressional districts as described in the Technical Support Document)

  • Median household income (2023)
  • Unemployment rate (2023)

Esri. Updated Demographics USA Variables 2023. [Congressional districts] https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=ddd1510ed1964e2e8fb1ded93e9b03b1#overview

  • Total housing units
  • Occupied housing units - Owner-occupied
  • Occupied housing units - Renter-occupied
  • Total housing units built before 1980

U.S. Census Bureau. "GROUP QUARTERS POPULATION BY SEX BY AGE BY GROUP QUARTERS TYPE." Decennial Census, DEC 119th Congressional District Summary File, Table PCT19, https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALCD1192020.PCT19?q=pct19&g=010XX00US$5000000

  • Males under 18 years in emergency and transitional shelters
  • Males 18 to 64 years in emergency and transitional shelters
  • Males 65 years and over in emergency and transitional shelters
  • Females under 18 years - Emergency and transitional shelters
  • Females 18 to 64 years - Emergency and transitional shelters
  • Females 65 years and over - Emergency and transitional shelters
  • People in emergency and transitional shelters, total

U.S. Census Bureau. "GROUP QUARTERS POPULATION BY SEX BY AGE BY GROUP QUARTERS TYPE." Decennial Census, DEC 119th Congressional District Summary File, Table PCT19, https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALCD1192020.PCT19?q=pct19&g=010XX00US$5000000

  • Population age 25+
  • Population age 25+ with less than high school diploma
  • Population age 25+ with high school diploma
  • Population age 25+ with some college
  • Population age 25+ with an associate degree
  • Population age 25+ with a Bachelor's degree or higher

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2023. S1501 Educational Attainment [2023: ACS 5-Year Estimates; Census tract level] https://data.census.gov/table?q=s1501&g=010XX00US$1400000
(Data obtained for census tracts, then aggregated to congressional districts as described in the Technical Support Document)

  • Total population
  • Total households
  • Urban population
  • Rural population

U.S. Census Bureau. Decennial Census. H2 URBAN AND RURAL. 2020: DEC Demographic and Housing Characteristics. https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDHC2020.H2?q=urban+rural&g=010XX00US$1400000
(Data obtained for census tracts, then aggregated to congressional districts as described in the Technical Support Document)

  • White, Not Hispanic or Latino (NH)
  • Black, NH
  • American Indian, NH
  • Asian, NH
  • Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, NH
  • Population of some other race, NH
  • Population of two or more races, NH
  • Hispanic or Latino population

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2023. B03002 Hispanic or Latino Origin by Race [2023: ACS 5-Year Estimates; Census tract level] https://data.census.gov/table?q=B03002&g=010XX00US$1400000
(Data obtained for census tracts, then aggregated to counties as described in the Technical Support Document)

  • Total households
  • Households that speak Spanish
  • Households that speak other Indo European languages
  • Households that speak Asian or Pacific Islands languages
  • Households that speak other languages
  • Total limited English speaking (LES) households
  • LES households that speak Spanish
  • LES households that speak other Indo European languages
  • LES households that speak Asian or Pacific Islands languages
  • LES households that speak other languages

U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2023. S1602 Limited English Speaking Households [2023: ACS 5-Year Estimates; Census tract level] https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2024.S1602?g=010XX00US$1400000
(Data obtained for census tracts, then aggregated to counties as described in the Technical Support Document)

  • Estimated lost work or school days and incremental indirect costs per person per year due to missed work or school days (productivity costs) caused by asthma

Song HJ, Blake KV, Wilson DL, Winterstein AG, Park H. Medical Costs and Productivity Loss Due to Mild, Moderate, and Severe Asthma in the United States. J Asthma Allergy. 2020 Oct 29;13:545-555. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S272681. PMID: 33149626; PMCID: PMC7605920

  • Inflation rates (used to adjust monetary figures to 2025 dollars when calculating costs associated with asthma and cancer)

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. CPI Inflation Calculator.

  • Congressional district boundaries

USDOT, Bureau of Transportation Statistics. Congressional Districts. ArcGIS Hub. https://hub.arcgis.com/maps/usdot::congressional-districts.

  • Census tract boundaries

United States Census Bureau. Cartographic Boundary Files. 1 : 5,000,000 (national) shapefile. https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/cartographic-boundary.html

Health burdens

  • Cancer (congressional districts)
  • Asthma (congressional districts)
  • Elevated blood lead levels in children (counties)
  • Cancer (congressional districts)
  • Asthma (congressional districts)

[The cancer and asthma data sets are subsets of the Congressional districts: Health & socioeconomic profiles data set above and share the same data sources as the cancer and asthma data in that data set.]

  • Elevated blood lead levels in children (counties)

CDC. Childhood Blood Lead Surveillance: State Data
(https://www.cdc.gov/lead-prevention/php/data/state-surveillancedata.html)(except as noted below).

County-level data not available through the CDC was obtained from the following sources:

Arizona: Arizona Department of Health Services. Arizona 2022. Annual Report Blood Lead Surveillance; Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program. https://www.azdhs.gov/documents/preparedness/epidemiology-disease-control/lead-poisoning/2022-annual-blood-lead-report.pdf.

Indiana: Indiana Department of Health. 2024 Childhood Lead Surveillance Report
https://www.in.gov/health/leadsafe/files/2024-Annual-Report-FINAL.pdf

Michigan: Department of Health and Human Services. Lead Exposure – Children. https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/safety-injury-prev/environmental-Health/topics/mitracking/childhood-lead.

Minnesota: Minnesota Department of Health. 2024 Blood Lead Surveillance Report. https://www.health.state.mn.us/communities/environment/lead/docs/reports/annualreport.pdf.

Nevada: Nevada Institute for Children's Health Research and Policy; Nevada Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program. Nevada Childhood Blood Lead Data 2022-2023 Annual Report 2022-2023-Nevada-Annual-Blood-Lead-Report_FINAL.pdf.

Ohio: DataOhio. Blood Lead Testing Public (2016-Present). https://data.ohio.gov/wps/portal/gov/data/view/blood-lead-testingpublic-_2016-present_.

Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Department of Health. 2023 Childhood Lead Surveillance Annual Report. https://www.pa.gov/content/dam/copapwp-pagov/en/health/documents/topics/documents/environmental-health/2023%20Childhood%20Lead%20Surveillance%20Annual%20Report.pdf.

South Dakota: South Dakota Department of Health. 2023 Blood Lead Annual Report. https://doh.sd.gov/media/vc1gcnyk/2023-blood-lead-annual-report.pdf.

Texas: Texas Health and Human Services. Blood Lead Testing and Blood Lead Levels (BLL) ≥ 3.5μg/dl in Texas Children, Under 6 years of age, by County, 2023. https://www.dshs.texas.gov/sites/default/files/CHI-BloodLead/Annual%20Tables/2023-by-county-under-6yrs-updated.pdf.

Washington: Washington State Department of Health. Data Portal. https://doh.wa.gov/data-and-statistical-reports/washington-tracking-network-wtn/data-portal

Missing or suppressed data: Data for Arkansas, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Rhode Island, Utah, Vermont and Wyoming are not included. Some of these states have not publicly released the relevant data, use a higher blood lead level reporting threshold than the CDC, release data for a smaller age cohort (for example, 0-2 years old) or do not report data by county. Even in states that have published their data, data for some counties may not be available or may have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. This usually occurs when there is only a small number of children who have been tested or who have elevated blood lead levels (typically five children or fewer).

Percent of students (K-12) experiencing homelessness (by school district)

Student homelessness (School year 2023-24): Department of Education. ED Data Express. Data Download Tool. https://eddataexpress.ed.gov/download/data-builder/data-download-tool.

School district enrollment & demographic data: National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). ElSi: Elementary/Secondary Information System. Table Generator. http://nces.ed.gov/ccd/elsi/.

School District Boundaries: NCES. School District Boundaries. Single Composite File. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/edge/geographic/districtboundaries

Heat and Health Index (ZIP codes)

Heat and Health Index (HHI) data by ZIP code. The HHI represents a percentile ranking of the places where people are more likely to experience harmful effects from heat. It is based on historical data on temperature, heat-related illness, pre-existing health conditions, sociodemographic factors, and natural and built environment factors.

ATSDR. Heat & Health Index. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/place-health/php/hhi/index.html.

ATSDR. Heat & Health Index (HHI). [Fact sheet.] https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/place-health/media/pdfs/2025/09/CDC-ATSDR-HHI-Fact-Sheet-508.pdf

Natural hazard risks (counties)

  • Drought
  • Inland flooding
  • Coastal flooding
  • Hurricane
  • Tornado
  • Wildfire
  • Earthquake
  • Tsunami

This data set includes compliance and enforcement information (federal and state) for PWS with documented violations of the SDWA over the last 3 years as reflected in EPA's Enforcement and Compliance History Online (ECHO) database. It also contains information on water sources and population served. The map displays the service area for each included PWS.

  • Drought

FEMA. National Risk Index Annualized Frequency Drought. https://resilience-fema.hub.arcgis.com/maps/8d62f0329a984141a97d1c9e86f081dd. National Risk Index Version: March 2023 (1.19.0).

  • Inland flooding
  • Coastal flooding
  • Hurricane
  • Tornado
  • Wildfire
  • Earthquake
  • Tsunami

FEMA. Resilience Analysis and Planning Tool. https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/0a317e8998534c30a9b2d3861c814d42/

Congressional district information

(Congressional district information is included within multiple data sets, particularly those containing facility and monitoring location data.)

USDOT, Bureau of Transportation Statistics. Congressional Districts. ArcGIS Hub. https://hub.arcgis.com/maps/usdot::congressional-districts

Data Limitations and Disclaimer

The data provided in the Community Health Atlas (CHA) have been sourced from government, academic and private sources and are provided as a public resource. While efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of the data, Earthjustice Action makes no warranties, expressed or implied, concerning the accuracy, completeness or suitability of the data. The data and information in the CHA are not to be construed as legal advice.

Environmental, health and sociodemographic data are dynamic and subject to change at any time. Therefore, users are directed to consult the original data sources to ensure they obtain the most recent data. Where the data provided are the result of calculations performed by Earthjustice Action, this is indicated in the notes accompanying the data. Earthjustice Action shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained therein.

Notes on Specific Data Sets